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Extension of Working Lives in the Czech Republic: Employee Situation. Policy brief DAISIE project
Křížková, Alena ; Dudová, Radka ; Pospíšilová, Marie ; Heřmanová, Marie
This policy brief summarises research project results examining ageing conditions across three sectors: transport, healthcare and banking. It aims to respond to the still insufficient discussion on the needs and opportunities of women and men of pre-retirement age and in the process of retirement in the Czech labour market. Gender and age inequalities accumulate over the life course resulting in significantly lower pensions for women compared to men or making it impossible to retire with a decent pension. Uniform retirement ages does not suit everyone equally. The organisation of work in specific occupations has specific negative effects on the health of older women and men. Changes in profession, position or working time in pre-retirement age is not easily obtainable. The policy brief suggests recommendations for state and policy makers, employers as well as good practice examples. Also published in Czech: https://www.soc.cas.cz/sites/default/files/publikace/daisie_policy_brief_cz.pdf
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Migration strategies of international PhD students from less developed countries - a longitudinal study
Rakovcová, Dana ; Drbohlav, Dušan (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Horáková, Hana (referee)
Dana Rakovcová, 2022 Anglický název disertační práce: Migration strategies of international PhD students from less developed countries - a longitudinal study ABSTRACT Within the concept of transnationalism and global development, migration decisions of international students play a vital role. This research examines different factors influencing PhD students' migration plans and strategies, their development over time, and the circumstances of their potential or real return within the changing life course context of the highly educated migrants. The research is based on a longitudinal qualitative study conducted over five years (2012-2017) among 21 international PhD students coming from 16 different developing countries, studying at the Wageningen University in the Netherlands; and it draws mainly on in-depth interviews and follow-up correspondence. Results are discussed in the context of the life course, a cultural shift and the migration development nexus. Conclusions suggest that: 1) Strong feelings of responsibility towards both their family and the development of their country of origin are leading factors shaping the migration strategies of the examined PhD students. 2) Migration decisions of the interviewed PhD students with children tend to be strongly driven by responsibility towards their families...
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Motivation of young people to enter into marriage
Chytrá, Valérie ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Mazáková Šetinová, Markéta (referee)
In the last thirty years, significant changes in demographic behaviour took place in the Czech Republic. This thesis focuses on the current form of family behaviour, namely marriage, for young people who have married at a relatively younger age than is currently common. The nature of the marital relationship is viewed and critically reflected through the lens of individualization in the work of A. Giddens and U. Beck. In addition to marriage itself, the work deals with its position among other transitions of young adulthood, and thus the shape of the life course of young people. The research of this work was performed by a qualitative method and technique of semi-structured interviews. It is concluded that marriage has primarily a symbolic meaning, but its practical consequences are also important. The main meaning of marriage is the formal confirmation of the partners' commitment to each other. The marital commitment serves as a means of communication between the spouses themselves, as well as between them and their social environment. The specific age situation given by the relatively lower age of marriage is mainly reflected in the feeling of the existence of certain age and adulthood norms, which, however, are no longer binding, and if they do not match the value orientation or economic...
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Reflection of selected aspects of social policy by the perspective of young adults with health disabilities
Berková, Veronika ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Angelovská, Olga (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a social policy of Czech Republic and young disabled people. The main aim of this thesis is an evaluation of social policy. If and how social policy reflects needs and issues of disabled persons. The second aim of this thesis is an indentification of biggest issues which disabled people have with a support of interviews with respondents - users of social policy. Next aim is to describe how actual social policy supports to solve issues of disabled people. This thesis analyzes possibilities of current social policy for young disabled people, how these possibilities disabled people use and how it helps them. This diploma thesis also deals with a question, if current social policy support indenpendence of young disabled people and helps them to have their own indenpendent life and household. Also topic of negative gaps in current social policy is subject of this thesis.
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The relationship betweeen life course and well-being
Kukal, Jiří ; Blatný, Marek (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
Theoretical part of the thesis deals with the concept of well-being and life-span psychology. Classification of the concept of well-being with regard to related terms is presented, as well as main theoretical and analytical approaches to this topic. Several chapters are dedicated to analyzing results of existing research that investigates the relationship between well-being and important variables. The part dedicated to life-span psychology contains, in addition to a definition of the subject, several significant theories and subsequent field of successful development. Empirical part of the thesis concentrates mainly on relationship between life satisfaction and specific life course, particularly career stability and relationship stability. Relationships are examined with the help of combined data of participants in Brno longitudinal study on life-span development (N=78) and newly approached subjects (N=35). The empirical part continues with examination of relationship of successful development, which is operationalized into composite score with personality dimensions within five- factorial personality model and socio-cognitive variables of self-concept clarity, self-efficacy and self-esteem. A significant correlation was found only in those relationships between satisfaction with life and selected...
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The meaning of time and space in the migration process. The experience of two generations of Czechs living in Berlin
Jansová, Lenka ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Mlynář, Jakub (referee)
(in English): This paper is concerned with the interrelation among social structures and individual agency in the migration process. Aim of the thesis is to contextually explain motivations and strategies of two Czech generations who migrated to Berlin. It focuses on generation of Czechs who left homeland between 1968-1989 and migration generation who moved after the accession of The Czech Republic to the European Union. The accent put on the time(s) and place(s) in the migration process enables to compare generations, and is the key to understanding interaction of structures and agency. Theoretical and methodological framework is formed by the concept of the theory of practices from Karen O'Reilly (2012), to interpret the meaning of the time(s) the life course perspective was used, the meaning of place(s) was interpreted by the concept of migration networks and transnationalism. The core of the empirical part is analysis of ethnographic material concerning notes from participant observation and narrative in-depth interviews with biographical elements (micro-level). The interpretation of motivations and strategies of the migration as well as social ties and practice is set in broader structures and events context i.e. historical and geographic relationship between the countries and the political...
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The Life-Course of Volunteers
VALENTOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor thesis analyses the life course of volunteers who engage in voluntary work in hospitals. The research sample comprises five volunteers four women and one man within the age range of 40 to 55. The objective of the study was addressed using a qualitative research methodology involving a narrative interview. The theoretical part of this paper discusses the concept of a life course, its development and new approaches to this concept and the inter-relations between the course of one's life and volunteering. It also examines volunteerism in general as well as volunteering in hospitals together with the activities it involves, and gives an overview of volunteers' motivations. The practical part presents research results. The main purpose of the research was to analyse the life course of volunteers. Partial objectives were to examine the relationship between the course of volunteers' lives and their volunteer work and the impact of volunteering on their lives. The respondents gave account of their history (family background, education, career path and personal situation, free-time activities). The research results indicate that while the life course of individual volunteers differs, some similarities and overlap can be found. Also, despite that the links between one's life path and volunteering were perceived differently by each volunteer, certain similar patterns (psychological predispositions and personality traits, having achieved a certain age, difficult life events, the need to do something meaningful) were also observed. The same applies when exploring how volunteering affected the lives of volunteers. The results of the research may benefit coordinators of hospital volunteer programmes and other interested parties. Further research could focus on volunteers involved in other areas of volunteering, or a similar study could cover a larger research sample.
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